Archive for the ‘Kate Dolan’ Category

The butler did what?

Friday, May 3rd, 2013

Why is Downton Abbey so popular? I think one big reason is the way the show explores the dynamics between the privileged upper class family and their evolving crew of servants. It wasn’t that long ago that even the middle class considered “help” a necessity in running a household. Comfortable transportation such as a horse drawn carriage, on the other hand, was a luxury reserved only for the wealthy. The situation is reversed today–most families could not imagine functioning without at least one car, but would never conceive of hiring someone to help with cooking or polishing silver. So we can’t conceive what it would be like to have servants there all the time, part of your life like a family and yet so very removed.

Kate Dolan explores the duties of servants starting with the butler

I think she’s telling him the cook makes more money than he does

I’m going to explore the duties of servants like those at Downton Abbey who don’t really exist anymore. The great house that “plays” Downton Abbey on the show, Highclere Castle, still employs a butler, but  he manages tourism more than anything else these days.  Because my real interest is in Georgian and Regency eras rather than Victorian or later periods, I’m starting with 18th  and early 19th Century servants’ guides. So exact duties may not be just as seen in the later era, at least as depicted on TV.The butler is the first position addressed in the Directions for Men-Servants published in London in 1764. However, though he is listed first, he is not really described as the one who sets the tone for the household, as Mr. Carson does on Downton Abbey. His listed duties, in fact, make him something of a glorified security guard and bartender.  His first job is to manage the “plate,” that is, the silver. He must keep it locked up, not tell strangers where it is kept, and never send other strangers to fetch it when wanted, but bring it out himself and lock it up when finished, keeping the key in his pocket at all times.

His other duty is to guard the wine and liquor with similar care, and make sure wine glasses are clean. The rest of the “directions” explain the care to be used in wiping the glasses and polishing the silver, with instructions on pouring ale and wine. That’s it. I think I’m going to apply for this job. Either the rest of his duties were so understood at this time period that they did not require instruction or the butler was simply a trusted retainer who didn’t have to do a whole lot.

So was the housekeeper’s position just as easy? Not by a long shot. Of course the duties aren’t listed in the guide for men-servants, but neither is the position described in Hannah Glasse’s 1742 Servant’s Directory.  She is, however, described in Samuel Adam’s The Complete Servant of 1826.  According the recommended pay scale, the housekeeper is the highest paid female employee, but still earns less than the butler or coachman and one other male servant. The Adams guide gives 142 pages for the instruction of the housekeeper (compared to just 21 pages for the butler) dealing with everything from grocery shopping and butchery to making candy, perfumes, preserves and wine (yes, it was that important).

The butler’s duties in this later guide still seem to center around wine (I now understand Carson’s obsession with the pudding wine glasses) and he is still listed first among male servants. However, he is not the highest paid. That honor falls to the “French man-cook” who makes 60% more than the butler, more than three times the salary of housekeeper. I don’t know how much of the high salary is proportionate to being French, but I’d say if I was a cook, it would be worth learning to fake the accent.  So watch for that somewhere along the line in one of my future stories, where the French “man-cook” will be unmasked as a fake.

Next time– the footmen!

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Information in this article came from:

Directions for Men-Servants: How to Discharge their Duty with Fidelity, and acquire the Good Will of their Masters (London: Paternoster Row, 1764).

Samuel and Sarah Adams, The Complete Servant: Being a Practical Guide to the Peculiar Duties and Business of All Descriptions of Servants (London: Knight & Lacey, 1825)

Photo courtesy of http://downtonabbeyonline.com

 

Wrong turn leads in the right direction: Frederick Douglass Part I

Tuesday, April 9th, 2013

“Don’t go into southeast. Especially Anacostia.” That’s what everyone told me when I first moved to Washington DC in the 1980s. And though I got tremendously lost on many occasions, I rarely made it past South Capital Street. So a couple weeks ago when I got stuck in spring break traffic and decided to exit the non-moving highway to cut through to another route, I was not pleased to realize that I was driving around southeast DC. And then I started seeing signs labeled “Anacostia.”

I don’t have GPS and my map was a little vague when it came to listing street names. So before too long we were lost. In Anacostia. In a minivan. I expected to explode from sheer stupidity.

However, my sixteen-year-old son, who was driving, wasn’t concerned. “It can’t be any worse than Baltimore,” he pointed out.

How do you think neighbors reacted when Frederick Douglass married his second wife, Helen?

How do you think neighbors reacted when Frederick Douglass married his second wife, Helen?

And he was right. Anacostia, or at least the parts of it we drove through, looked like a pretty nice neighborhood. It was, however, still a neighborhood without any streets that matched my map, so I wasn’t really enjoying my tour of the area. Then I found a landmark that was on my map and we followed signs to the Frederick Douglass House. And there it was, a beautiful 19th Century house on top of a grassy green hill wreathed in flowers. Not exactly what I was expecting. (more…)

Finding the right balance — literally

Thursday, March 28th, 2013

Getting in shape can be a lot of work, but there is one aspect of fitness you can work on easily, quickly and without breaking a sweat. It’s your balance.Kate Dolan writes about the importance of balance

Even the most ardent exercise junkies usually neglect to incorporate balance elements into their workouts. But balance, like muscle strength, is something you “use or lose.” Most of us lose a certain amount of our ability maintain balance as part of the aging process. It’s important to counteract that loss by regularly working on balancing skills. (more…)

When the luck of the Irish fell off

Thursday, March 14th, 2013

Even in broad daylight, Dunluce Castle is a rather eerie place. Stark stone ruins reach toward the sky like skeletal fingers digging up their way up out of the ground. But that description fits at least half the castle ruins in Ireland, a place where stone ruins are about as common as McDonalds golden arches are in America. Dunluce sits precariously on stone outcroppings high above the ocean, but that’s not terribly unusual in Ireland either. Maybe what gives Dunluce it’s unique mournful quality is the part of it that is not sitting precariously on stone outcroppings above the ocean–because it fell into the ocean during the middle of a party.Kate Dolan wrote about the collapse of Dunluce Castle

The tragedy has been embellished over time, so it’s hard to know exactly what happened that night. It was in 1639, a few years after the second Earl of Antrim took up residence in the castle. (more…)

Good news, for a change

Monday, March 4th, 2013

Boy Scout Troop 306 in Catonsville has a long tradition of presenting a bouquet of roses to the mother of a new Eagle Scout. At the troop’s most recent Eagle Scout investiture ceremony, however, flowers were presented to both the scout’s mother and his wife. And the new honoree had the obligations and responsibilities of an Eagle Scout read to him by his own sons, both now in college and both Eagle Scouts themselves.

Troop 306’s newest Eagle Scout waited 35 years to receive his official recognition.

Troop 306's "newest" Eagle Scout Dave Warshaw flanked by his sons Bill (left) and Jimmy and wife, Gay

Troop 306′s “newest” Eagle Scout Dave Warshaw flanked by his sons Bill (left) and Jimmy and wife, Gay

His story should be the basis for a movie, because it’s a heart-warming tale with a wonderful message. But the hero demonstrates the rather pedestrian traits of forgiveness, faithfulness, loyalty and long-term service—and exhibits none of the angry drama nor achieves the glamorous overnight success that seems to be required for an exciting movie.

That it is not exciting makes it no less wonderful, however.

In 1978, Life Scout David Warshaw of Troop 306 presented himself for his Eagle Scout Board of Review. Like other scouts before and after him, Warshaw had worked years for this day. Statistically, only about 2% of all boys who enter Scouting reach the rank of Eagle. To do so, a Scout must prove himself in a variety of leadership roles, advancing through the ranks of Tenderfoot, Second Class, First Class, Star, and Life by serving and leading other boys in the troop and learning and proving new skills through the attainment of merit badges. A Scout must earn 21 merit badges before being eligible to become an Eagle, many of them requiring months of supervised work. After a Scout has earned the required badges and served in at least three major leadership positions within the troop, he is ready for the final element, the Eagle Scout project. This is a project chosen to serve the community that is planned and managed by the Scout, who must recruit crews to complete the work. When it’s finished, he evaluates the process and the work itself, and presents himself to a board of leaders who review his project and his career as a Scout and determine whether he is worthy to earn the rank of Eagle. It all must be completed before he reaches his 18th birthday.

Very often the Scout will approach the board as a raw jumble of nerves, and the members sitting in judgment may loom with stern demeanors and fire off seemingly endless questions. But in the end, if the Scout has truly done the work represented, he passes the ordeal and becomes an Eagle. His family and troop celebrate together with a special ceremony, the Eagle Scout Court of Honor.

Dave Warshaw may have been imagining his own ceremony that day in 1978 as he stood before the Board of Review. But something went wrong. Instead of congratulations, Warshaw was told that due to procedural errors, his Eagle application was not approved. Shocked and devastated, Warshaw returned home knowing that he was forever denied access to the brotherhood of those devoted to scouting.

No one would have blamed him for being bitter. No one would have blamed him if he had ranted against the Scouts and spoken out against them at every turn. Instead, he served them.

Fast forward to fatherhood. When his oldest son Bill enrolled in Cub Scouts, Dave took on leadership roles within the pack. He continued in pack leadership until his youngest son Jimmy bridged up to Boy Scouts – to Troop 306, the same troop that rejected him. Dave soon became Chairman of the Troop Committee, putting in hours every week to grow the troop and make the boys’ experience adventurous, positive and uplifting. He not only encouraged his own two sons to continue on the path of work and service to advance through the ranks and become an Eagle, he also enabled many other boys to do so. Today he still serves as an advisor to the troop, participating in events and leading outings. Has he shown any bitterness? No. It’s a great example of forgiveness in action.

And finally, his faithful service was recognized in what may be the world’s first ever surprise Eagle Scout Court of Honor.

As his birthday approached, Dave figured his wife Gay was planning something. There were a few too many text messages from people who would normally text him instead of her. So when he walked in to Dimitri’s restaurant last Saturday night, he expected to find a few friends and family waiting to celebrate his birthday.

The friends were there and the word “surprise” did not surprise him—but what did surprise him was that there were so many people and that two of them pulled him aside to put on the shirt of his scout uniform. Then they showed him the banner that read “Congratulations Eagle Scout David Warshaw.” This was no ordinary birthday party.

Thirty-five years later, Warshaw was finally awarded his Eagle pin. In fact, just like Dave, the pin had been waiting for recognition since the 1970s. Current Troop 306 Committee Chair Mike McDonal found the silver pin while going through boxes of scout stuff in Catonsville Presbyterian Church, which has hosted the troop for over 100 years. He knew Dave’s story and spent years working behind the scenes to convince those in headquarters to grant the award. The hard work eventually paid off, but once the success was achieved, McDonal and Warshaw’s wife Gay decided to keep the secret a while, until after the Warshaw’s youngest son had a chance to celebrate his own Eagle Scout Court of Honor. She planned the surprise ceremony for her husband on his birthday, and it may have been the best present he ever received.

All the Scout leaders in the room, all the friends, all the family—everyone there knew that Dave Warshaw epitomized what an Eagle Scout should be. They already considered him to be of that rank. Probably the only person in the room who didn’t consider Dave an Eagle Scout was Dave himself. But now it’s unanimous. Congratulations to Troop 306’s “newest” Eagle Scout.

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photo by Don Martin

Jane’s Island is worth looking for

Tuesday, February 5th, 2013

When I first bought my own car, I used to page through my atlas and imagine the places I could go see. Of course, since owning a car requires for paying for insurance, gas and maintenance (way more of that than I’d anticipated) I had to work, so I couldn’t travel far. Where could I go in a free afternoon? I love water, so the intricacies of the Chesapeake Bay fascinated me. All those inlets and peninsulas jutting out into the endless blue! I wanted to see the view from all of them.

Kate Dolan visits Jane's Island State Park

Jane's Island State Park: One of the views of Eastern Maryland I had to wait 25 years to see

My first attempt was so disappointing, however, that I pretty much gave up.  I had talked my roommates into accompanying me on the adventure. We drove across the dreaded Bay Bridge (see my post about bridges for my paranoia about that one) and endured creeping Eastern shore traffic through adorable towns full of adorable shops and adorable restaurants where we knew we could not afford to shop or eat. We kept going until we got to “the end” as I determined it – where a sizeable peninsula jutted out into the immenseChesapeake Bay. I couldn’t wait for that view of water all around, the sense of standing at the edge of the known world. But we never got there.

The roads all ended on private property in marshland with enough trees to block any view of water. At one point we got out of the car trudged through some swampy land to see… more marsh.

We turned around and went home. One of my roommates brought chiggers home with her. It was not what I’d call a successful outing. And I never again looked at the Eastern Shore of Maryland with the same sense of anticipation.

But that all changed last fall. A group of friends planned a weekend of camping at Jane’s Island State Park. I had no idea where it was, but I assumed there had to be water there somewhere or the guys really would have wasted their time loading a trailer with five canoes. It wasn’t til we were about half way there that I actually looked at the location on the map—and I wasn’t driving, by the way, although you shouldn’t put it past me to try. Anyway, Jane’s Island turned out to be WAY at the bottom corner of Maryland’s Eastern Shore– right there on the edge of the world, the type of place I used to dream about seeing. I didn’t get my hopes up. I was expecting views of marsh and nothing more.

I got more, as it happens. We did canoe past a number of marshy “islands” that seemed to be little more than grass stems clinging precariously to a slab of mud. But then we reached a narrow spit of actual land with strips of sandy beach on either side. We drew up the canoes and walked about ten feet to the other side of the island and we were at “the edge.” Water stretched out all around us, rolling continuously in gentle waves. The western shore was nowhere in sight.

A historic marker buried in the grass proclaimed that this was Tangier Sound, site of the “bloodiest battle of the American Revolution.” The Battle of Kedges Strait (also known as the Battle of the Barges) was actually fought more than a year after the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781. Most of us were taught that the war ended with that surrender, but in fact the fighting continued until 1783 in various places, and this was one of them. Commodore Zedekiah Whaley sought the help of a local militia commander when he realized the gang of loyalist pirates (known as “picaroons”) he was chasing was too big to handle with the few small vessels at his disposal.  Colonel John Cropper brought in 25 men and two more boats, but it wasn’t enough. One of Whaley’s boats was too slow to keep up and had to be sent back. Another one had its main gun explode when it fired its first shot.  Whaley’s ship, the Protector, got too close to the pirates and suddenly had all seven pirate vessels firing on him at once.  Spilled gunpowder ignited on deck and caused major chaos and the pirate vessels closed in and boarded. The other patriot vessels retreated and their commanders were all branded cowards, though a later inquiry cleared them of all charges. Whaley was killed in the fighting, along with 24 other men. 29 men were wounded which left only 11 men unhurt. Obviously this wasn’t the biggest battle of the war, but in terms of percentages, an 83% casualty rate is pretty high.

It’s very quiet in the sound these days, so it’s hard to imagine the bloody battle or big oyster canning industry that thrived all throughout the bay region. When colonists first sailed up the bay, oysters were so plentiful that they were used as a cheap food source for slaves and indentured servants, who complained about being fed the shellfish so frequently.

A cold, heavy rain hampered our attempts to explore Crisfield and the surrounding area after our canoe trip.  We did detour through the town of Princess Anne, a sleepy town full of Victorian houses with a colonial manor house set across from an old church. Having seen signs for “Beckford Manor,” we drove up close to the colonial house to read the historical marker on the front and then realized we were trespassing on someone’s driveway.  Beckford Manor was actually a modern housing development around the corner. In any case, the Princess Anne police station was also an extremely interesting stone building that made me think of what you might get if you asked Martha Stewart to design a dungeon.Kate Dolan wonders whether Martha Stewart designed this police station

After we got back on the highway I noticed another small collection of beautiful Victorian houses on a frontage road with no signs of a town.  The only commercial establishment was a convenience store and gas station on the highway itself. I decided that was the Eastern equivalent of a ghost town. Out in the wide open spaces of the West, when a business left a town, so did all the people, and the entire town went vacant. But in the more densely populated East, people remain behind when the businesses leave. You see town houses but no actual town. I’m not sure which is more melancholy.  But melancholy is still beautiful to visit, if you don’t have to live there. I look forward to exploring it all again – when the weather warms up.

Football = Wizard’s Chess

Thursday, January 31st, 2013

Before I started paying much attention to football, I thought it was a brainless game played by brainless people to entertain brainless fans. But I’ve learned a little in the last few years, and I’m starting to see that it is a game of wits played by men who may appear witless simply because they’re so big (and the rest of us are so insecure that we need to feel superior). But really those big guys on the field are processing information faster than a computer. The strategy played out on every down is equivalent to the plan on a field of battle.Kate Dolan now thinks football is like chess

Where I once viewed a football game as little more than a bunch of big guys knocking the sense out of each other, the moves and counter moves and strategy now remind me of chess more than anything else. Well, chess with consequences. Like in the Wizard’s Chess of the Harry Potter world, if your player is in the wrong place at the wrong time, he gets destroyed rather spectacularly. (more…)

Unlocking clues from a pile of stones: the shipwreck on Molasses Reef

Friday, January 11th, 2013

The Turks and Caicos National Museum looks like a little old house because that’s what it is. But the displays inside don’t have much to do with the building or the people who lived there or even life on the islands in general. Most of the museum is devoted to the wreck of an unknown ship.

Kate Dolan visits the Turks and Caicos National Museum

The view of Front Street from the upper porch of the Turks and Caicos National Museum

During the “age of Discovery” roughly 1492 to the 1520s, over 120 European ships are known to have wrecked in the waters of the Americas. The caravel discovered on Molasses Reef was not one of them. Its name, owner, crew and mission remain a mystery. The “mystery wreck” has actually answered a lot of questions, however, because it is the oldest excavated European shipwreck in the Western Hemisphere. It gives details about a type of ship that once roamed the world but then faded from record. (more…)

When black was beautiful

Sunday, January 6th, 2013

We all know that people of African descent were not treated well in Europe and the Americas during the 18th and 19th Centuries. But if we look back to an earlier time, the Renaissance age, Africa and its people were viewed as exotic, unique and therefore often fashionable. Kate Dolan explores the exhibit Revealin the African Presence in Renaissance EuropeThe European perception of Africans is the subject of a fascinating exhibit at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, and I urge you to see it before it ends on January 21, 2013. (more…)

Exploding bottles: the history of Champagne

Monday, December 31st, 2012

Champagne, I had always heard, was invented by monks who made a mistake and “ruined” a batch of wine. But this year as I prepared to drink my way into the New Year, I decided to find out if that was actually how my favorite drink came into being.

It turns out the monks didn’t really invent it – it sort of invented itself and they, in fact, were trying to prevent it from doing so.

But let’s take a few steps back to get the full story.Kate Dolan explores the history of Champagne

Most of the fizzy wine referred to as “champagne” is not actually Champagne because to be official, it has to be made from grapes grown in the Champagne region of France. Wine grapes were cultivated in the area at least by A.D. 72, but twenty years later, the Romans outlawed winemaking in the region in order to reduce competition for the wines they produced closer to the capital. The French love wine as much as they hate being told what to do, so they continued to produce wine in secret until the ban was lifted. For hundreds of years the traditional Champagne wine was amber or pink, and it was not fizzy, at least not intentionally.

As the climate cooled during the Middle Ages, challenges mounted for the wine makers in the Champagne region. The growing season became too short for the grapes to fully ripen and develop the rich flavor of grapes produced in neighboring Burgundy. To make matters worse, the onset of winter often stopped the fermentation process too early. When the weather warmed in the spring, the yeast would awaken and begin to ferment again, producing carbon dioxide that put enormous pressure on the bottles, often making them explode. The bottles that didn’t explode were frequently found to be full of bubbles, which was considered a tremendous fault. (more…)